A Comprehensive Review of Biomarker Endpoints in In Vivo Models of Parkinson’s Disease

Therapeutic approaches for Parkinson’s disease are either focused on disease modification (a-synuclein or MPTP models) or symptom management (haloperidol or 6-OHDA models). Therapeutic approaches for Parkinson’s disease are either focused on disease modification (a-synuclein or MPTP models) or symptom management (haloperidol or 6-OHDA models). Our scientists have validated available PD models for changes in fine motor skills, L-dopa-induced dyskinesias, drug-induced jaw movements, and non-motor endpoints such as cognition, constipation, and EDS. Additionally, we have also tested dopamine and other neurotransmitter levels in brain compartments of rodent and large animal models via microdialysis sampling.